Загрузка...Originality” is everyone’s aim, and novel techniques are as much prized as new scientific discoveries. T. S. Eliot states it with surprising naïveté: “It is exactly as wasteful for a poet to do what has been done already as for a biologist to rediscover Mendel’s discoveries. ”“
„…“originality” is everyone’s aim, and novel techniques are as much prized as new scientific discoveries. [T. S. ] Eliot states it with surprising naïveté: “It is exactly as wasteful for a poet to do what has been done already as for a biologist to rediscover Mendel’s discoveries.”“
Источник: A Brief History of Time (1988), Ch. 1
Контексте: It has certainly been true in the past that what we call intelligence and scientific discovery have conveyed a survival advantage. It is not so clear that this is still the case: our scientific discoveries may well destroy us all, and even if they don’t, a complete unified theory may not make much difference to our chances of survival. However, provided the universe has evolved in a regular way, we might expect that the reasoning abilities that natural selection has given us would be valid also in our search for a complete unified theory, and so would not lead us to the wrong conclusions.
„Just as a new scientific discovery manifests sometimes that was already latent in the order of nature, and at the same time is logically related to the total structure of the existing science, so the new poem manifests something that was already latent in the order of words.“
— Northrop Frye Canadian literary critic and literary theorist 1912 — 1991
"Quotes", Anatomy of Criticism: Four Essays (1957), Mythical Phase: Symbol as Archetype
„One of the greatest discoveries a person makes, one of their great surprises, is to find they can do what they were afraid they couldn't do.“
— Henry Ford American industrialist 1863 — 1947
„The next revolution in scientific discovery will depend on scientific interdependence.“
— Robert J. Birgeneau Canadian physicist 1942
A modern public university, Nature Materials 6, 465 — 467 (01 Jul 2007), doi: 10.1038/nmat1935, Commentary.
„An alleged scientific discovery has no merit unless it can be explained to a barmaid.“
— Ernest Rutherford New Zealand-born British chemist and physicist 1871 — 1937
As quoted in Einstein: The Man and His Achievement (1973) by G. J. Whitrow, p. 42
Variants:
If you can't explain your physics to a barmaid it is probably not very good physics.
As quoted in Journal of Advertising Research (March-April 1998)
A theory that you can't explain to a bartender is probably no damn good.
As quoted in The Language of God (2006) by Francis Collins, p. 60
„Learning is not doing; it is reflecting on doing. T. S. Eliot writes in one of his poems, “We had the experience but missed the meaning.” Reflection is about getting the meaning.“
— Henry Mintzberg Canadian busines theorist 1939
Источник: Managers Not MBAs (2005), p. 254
„Your object is to see yourself exactly as you are. Self-knowledge is the discovery of the new: it looks beyond the world that has all the answers and no solutions.“
— Barry Long Australian spiritual teacher and writer 1926 — 2003
Knowing Yourself: The True in the False (1996)
„In disputes upon moral or scientific points, ever let your aim be to come at truth, not to conquer your opponent: so you never shall be at a loss in losing the argument, and gaining a new discovery.“
— James Burgh British politician 1714 — 1775
The Dignity of Human Nature (1754)
„I don't like honors. … I've already got the prize: the prize is the pleasure of finding the thing out, the kick in the discovery, the observation that other people use it. Those are the real things.“
— Richard Feynman, книга The Pleasure of Finding Things Out
Источник: No Ordinary Genius (1994), p. 82, from interview in "The Pleasure of Finding Things Out" (1981): video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NEwUwWh5Xs4&t=24m55s
„Dancing is just discovery, discovery, discovery — what it all means…“
— Martha Graham American dancer and choreographer 1894 — 1991
New York Times interview (1985)
„Scientific discovery is a private event, and the delight that accompanies it, or the despair of finding it illusory, does not travel. One scientist may get great satisfaction from another’s work and admire it deeply; it may give him great intellectual pleasure; but it gives him no sense of participation in the discovery, it does not carry him away, and his appreciation of it does not depend on his being carried away. If it were otherwise the inspirational origin of scientific discovery would never have been in doubt.“
— Peter Medawar scientist 1915 — 1987
‘Hypothesis and Imagination’ in The Art of the Soluble, 1967.
1960s
„The more original a discovery the more obvious it seems afterwards.“
— Arthur Koestler, книга The Act of Creation
The Act of Creation (1970).
„One of the advantages of being disorganized is that one is always having surprising discoveries.“
— A.A. Milne British author 1882 — 1956
„The aim of research is the discovery of the equations which subsist between the elements of phenomena.“
— Ernst Mach Austrian physicist and university educator 1838 — 1916
Источник: 20th century, Popular Scientific Lectures, (Chicago, 1910), p. 205; On aim of research.
„Science condemns itself to failure when, yielding to the infatuation of the serious, it aspires to attain being, to contain it, and to possess it; but it finds its truth if it considers itself as a free engagement of thought in the given, aiming, at each discovery, not at fusion with the thing, but at the possibility of new discoveries; what the mind then projects is the concrete accomplishment of its freedom.“
— Simone de Beauvoir, книга The Ethics of Ambiguity
Pt. III : The Positive Aspect of Ambiguity, Ch. 3 : Freedom and Liberation
The Ethics of Ambiguity (1947)
„The measurement of time was the first example of a scientific discovery changing the technology.“
— Ivar Ekeland French mathematician 1944
Источник: The Best of All Possible Worlds (2006), Chapter 8, The End of Nature, p. 150.
Why Originality Is A Creative’s Greatest Weapon
Every day business owners around the world pursue their passions, launch industry-disrupting products, and achieve millions in funding. These events signify the power each of us has to create success, but they also illuminate something much deeper —competition is intense and your product or service alone isn’t enough to make a dent in the universe.
In life and in business, you’re presented with opportunities to either fit the mold or break it, to fall in line or buck the status quo. We have but one precious life and you may be born inside the game, but you can choose to play your hand differently.
We claim to value originality, individuality, self-expression and uniqueness, yet many business owners cave to fitting in rather than standing out. There is a serious lack of originality in business and companies are defaulting to what they sell, instead of what they stand for. Your brand and business are an extension of who you are, your history, and your tribe. If you don’t believe in your ideas, why should anyone else? As the co-founder of a branding agency that works with startups and global brands, I’m seeing far too many companies telling the exact same story, delivering the exact same message, in the exact same way. Sameness is a prison and we should all do well to break free from it.
It can be argued that originality is nonexistent, or it’s all been done before. I couldn’t disagree more. At Motto, we encourage our branding clients to believe that true originality is the ability to approach existing ideas or solve important problems through new eyes and in new ways. Originality is rare. Originality is interesting. Originality is what makes things matter.
You have two options when it comes to your business: fall in line like everyone else or assert your originality. If you want to avoid being the status quo, here are five lessons that will help you defy the ordinary:
Move the world to your vision by being a nonconformist.
There is comfort in conformity. To be an entrepreneur, it often means bucking the status quo and taking an idea you believe in and tirelessly proving its worth to the world. In order to move the world to your vision, having an idea alone isn’t enough. The idea has to be nurtured, shaped and executed. Nonconformists identify a problem and work on a solution that makes things better for the world around them.
Have courage in your creativity.
Whether you’re creating an app or furthering a social mission, creativity is essential to being successful. After all, you’ve dreamed up an idea that will solve a problem and make a profit — and while there may be many before you, no one will do it the way you’ll do it. When this feels daunting, you should refocus on your most creative ideas and have the courage to propel them forward. Find confidence in the fact that taking risks and showing off your original, creative self is the only way to avoid ending up acting like everyone else.
Sometimes the «how» is more important than the «why.»
Sometimes your big audacious vision may seem like crazy talk. As a firm believer in the power of why — and by helping companies work to uncover their purpose and use it in their branding — I’ve found there are indeed some exceptions. Adam Grant, author of Originals, says when asking for help with the seemingly impossible, “Instead of starting with why, start with the how.” We’ve been advised to always start with «why» to explain our greater purpose, but if you have an original idea, your «why» could likely sound crazy to other people. If you can make the «how» seem more attainable, then what you’re working towards might start to sound more realistic.
Ignore your rivals.
From people who undermine you, to those who copy your ideas, people are always going to try to be better than you. It’s important to remember that such actions are a natural part of life. The good news is that your originality is your biggest weapon against those who try to conquer you — and you should always fight for the right to be yourself. If you learn to be your own comforting guide when the going gets rough, you’ll be well-equipped to handle any unexpected challenge that comes your way.
Have a «reality distortion field.»
This was a term coined by Bud Tribble to describe Steve Jobs, his charisma and his innate ability to influence, inspire and persuade others into almost anything. In order to bring your ideas to life, you must first believe in them yourself. It has been said by Malcolm Gladwell that with any great entrepreneur who has an original vision or seemingly impossible idea, that at least once, he or she will be the only person left standing who believes in it. When you distort reality or expand the realm of possibility, you’ll find that others will be drawn to your magnetism and originality, and will be willing to move your ideas forward.
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Нагрудный знак, выполненный, как правило, в виде пластиковой карточки с фотографией и данными о владельце. Крепится к одежде с помощью клипсы, цепочки или иным способом.
[ http://www.lexikon.ru/rekl/a_eng.html]
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пленочный дозиметр
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[А.С.Гольдберг. Англо-русский энергетический словарь. 2006 г.]
Тематики
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merit badge — знак отли́чия (у бойскаутов и т.п.)
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символ;
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См. также в других словарях:
badge — badge … Dictionnaire des rimes
badge — [ badʒ ] n. m. • XIVe; mot angl. ♦ Anglic. 1 ♦ Féod. Insigne rond porté par un chevalier et sa suite. 2 ♦ (Parfois n. f. ) Insigne métallique rond porté par les scouts, qui correspond à un brevet de spécialité. « J ai déjà mes badges de bricoleur … Encyclopédie Universelle
badgé — badge [ badʒ ] n. m. • XIVe; mot angl. ♦ Anglic. 1 ♦ Féod. Insigne rond porté par un chevalier et sa suite. 2 ♦ (Parfois n. f. ) Insigne métallique rond porté par les scouts, qui correspond à un brevet de spécialité. « J ai déjà mes badges de… … Encyclopédie Universelle
badge — [bædʒ] n [Date: 1300 1400; : Old French; Origin: bage] 1.) BrE a small piece of metal, cloth, or plastic with a picture or words on it, worn to show rank, membership of a group, support for a political idea etc American Equivalent: button… … Dictionary of contemporary English
Badge — (b[a^]j), n. [LL. bagea, bagia, sign, prob. of German origin; cf. AS. be[ a]g, be[ a]h, bracelet, collar, crown, OS. b[=o]g in comp., AS. b[=u]gan to bow, bend, G. biegen. See
Badge — des britischen Königshauses Windsor … Deutsch Wikipedia
badge — [ bædʒ ] noun count * 1. ) a special piece of metal, cloth, or plastic, often with words or symbols on it, that you wear or carry with you to show your rank or official position: a police badge Employees should wear their badges at all times in… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
Badge — 〈[ bæ̣dʒ]〉 I 〈n.; s, s [ dʒız]〉 ansteckbares Namensschildchen II 〈f.; , s [ dʒız] oder m.; s, s [ dʒız]; Her.〉 Abzeichen, Symbol im Wappen [engl.] * * * I Badge … Universal-Lexikon
Badge — (b[a^]j), v. t. To mark or distinguish with a badge. [1913 Webster] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
badge — UK US /bædʒ/ noun [C] ► WORKPLACE a small piece of metal, plastic, cloth, etc. that you wear on your clothing to identify who you are, the organization you belong to, etc.: »A security guard checks each car, verifying that occupants have a… … Financial and business terms
Badge — [bædʒ] das; s, s [. dʒiz] <aus engl. badge »Abzeichen, Kennzeichen«> Namensschildchen zum Anstecken … Das große Fremdwörterbuch
Is Originality Dead on YouTube?
If you’re a creative person, YouTube is the place to be. However, what do you do if you feel like someone is copying your work? They say imitation is the highest form of flattery, but sometimes this isn’t always true. Where is the line between being inspired by someone and copying them? TenEighty investigates whether originality is dead on YouTube.
In April, Casey Neistat uploaded a vlog titled Short Skirts and Rip Off Artists, where he voiced his frustrations about people who recreate work without giving credit to the original creator.
“Let’s talk about copy-cats. Let’s talk about rip-off artists. People who copy your original ideas and then pass them off as their own. People who hide behind the idea that they were inspired by your work but actually just steal it wholesale,” said Casey. “I believe in inspiration. My work is inspired by filmmakers that I look up to, and if you look closely you can see that inspiration in my work. I’m not talking about that. I’m talking about theft.
“The thing about being original, about original ideas, is that it’s about looking internally and finding ideas there,” he continued. “The thing about theft is that you cheat. You just look at what someone else is doing and just say ‘I’ll just do what he’s doing and say that’s my own idea’.”
Through this video, Casey inadvertently started a community-wide debate centred around the topic of inspiration. He posed an array of thought-provoking questions: Is there such thing as an original idea? Where is the line between being inspired by something and copying it? And how can you determine the difference between inspiration and a rip-off?
At the time of upload, many people across social media speculated that Casey’s frustrations were aimed at Jack Harries.
Jack had begun a daily vlog series titled The Good Collective to document the formation of his new company, a path Casey had taken a few months earlier. Two days into the series, Casey uploaded his video; following that, Jack tweeted that the series was “on hold”. Two months later, and The Good Collective is yet to return.
Furthermore, Casey thanked a commenter who was “pissed off that Jack keeps copying him”.
Many overlaps in subject and style are evident when comparing his videos to Casey’s. Examples include a video Casey made in 2012 in which he surprised his girlfriend in South Africa, juxtaposed with Jack’s video from last year (which went viral) where he surprises his girlfriend in Australia.
While the actual action of surprising their significant others isn’t being called into question, watching the videos back to back does raise questions about the choices Jack made in terms of shots and accompanying score. In the description box of Jack’s video, Casey is credited as the inspiration behind it. But in many of the discussions and debates that arose after Casey’s video – such as this one that emerged on Reddit – not everyone feels that crediting someone in the description justifies how similar the videos are.
While there is of course the chance that the similarities were merely a coincidence, it seems unlikely. Is Jack actively copying Casey? Or is it a case of a young kid struggling to find his own creative identity and accidentally walking in the same footsteps as his idols?
Jack has always credited Casey as a huge inspiration; going so far as to make a video titled Words Of Wisdom: Casey Neistat in which he interviews Casey while in New York. Has Jack just not found the right balance between admiring someone’s work and re-creating it? Isn’t this something that all creative people need to learn how to do?
Many other content creators have joined this debate. In a video response, Ben Brown explains his own experience with creativity. He believes that his creative side was suppressed at school and because of that, unlike many of his peers, most of his childhood and early adulthood was spent on athleticism.
“I’m sure I speak for many people when I say this, but most of the time seeing someone’s photos, videos, art, listening to their music, drama, acting, any creative industry is often the spark that is needed to introduce that person to becoming a creative person,” he explains. “There is always going to be that initial inspiration that sparks your interest in creating content in the first place. So this ‘wholesale theft’ of style that Casey talks about is very natural, I think, certainly when you’re starting out.”
Ben goes on to describe his own ‘spark’ moment, crediting GoPro wizard Abe Kislevitz as the person who inspired him to explore his creative side. Then Louis Cole introduced him to vlogging – and he admits he actively mimicked Louis before finding his own style and identity.
While Ben does consider being an inspiration for new vloggers as a compliment, he recognises that repeatedly imitating a style and then monetising that content is a problem. “If you want to get into a creative industry it’s your obligation to be unique. And when it comes to an industry that is monetisable like YouTube, it’s even more important that everyone has a respect for everyone’s original content.”
Lucy Moon also touches on the importance of respecting fellow creators in a video response. “I have seen so many big creators almost perfectly emulate the style of a smaller one and then not credit them,” she acknowledges. “These bigger creators still make amazing content but they are not crediting those that they are inspired by.”
Lucy started watching YouTube videos when she was 13, and notes that she was heavily inspired by the music video-making culture. “I would post links in the description to it, because that’s what everyone else was doing,” she explains.
“As the music video community died out and I started watching these much bigger YouTubers, I realised that people weren’t giving credit where credit was due,” Lucy continues. “From the age of 15, I had this idea that we were supposed to hoard these ideas like shiny things.”
In the comments under Lucy’s video, Sammy Paul gave his opinion on the topic in terms of the growth of the platform. He writes, “YouTube has a massive culture of copying. I mean look at tag videos, draw my life, challenges, etc. As a medium, going in with tried and tested video ideas seems to be a lot of people’s approach.”
When ‘tag videos’ were at their popularity peak, they were a great way to both draw audiences to your own channel and to send your audience to other people’s. It’s not as if each person who partook in a tag claimed that it was an original idea, but rather would do a nod to whoever tagged them and then tag others, which organically grew everyone’s channels.
Now that YouTube has transformed into a competitive game it seems that for a lot of creators the objective isn’t to nurture the community but rather hoard the numbers for themselves. For example, nobody tagged anyone in the ‘[YouTuber] tries [country]’s candy’ trend, but everyone seemed to do it.
Instead of the creator shouting out who they got the idea from, as Lucy observed, the new trend seems to be ‘just do it and hope the title brings in views’. Is this trend, and others like it a form of copying? Was it okay in the original version of a tag because credit was being given? Or, is the whole idea of a tag video a rip-off in itself?
In March 2014 Cherry Wallis, who has just under 200,000 subscribers, uploaded a video titled Awkward Accidents. In this video she discusses various awkward moments that happen in everyday life – such as walking down the street and accidentally brushing hands with a stranger, or in the worst case scenario, grazing someones ass; a fun and #relatable video.
Then in May of the same year, popular US vlogger Jenn McAllister, who has just over 2 million subscribers, uploaded a video with the same title and included two anecdotes that were almost verbatim copies of Cherry’s. Instead of claiming to be inspired by Cherry, Jenn actively hides the fact that this idea was not her own, and most likely banked on the probable reality that their audiences don’t overlap too much.
Unlike that of the Casey and Jack debate, this conflict was pretty much swept under the table. Sure, the people who are members of both audiences brought it to the community’s attention, but it didn’t spark an elaborate or controversial discussion.
In his video titled Who Inspires You?, Jack Howard brings to light a previously untouched-upon aspect of the inspiration and copying debate that seems to be unique to just YouTube. “I’m very influenced by YouTubers all the time,” he says. “My friends and also people that I watch on YouTube that I don’t know personally, but would love to. That’s the great thing about YouTube, isn’t it? That you want to be mates with the person that makes the stuff, whereas when Spielberg or Christopher Nolan or Tim Burton makes a film, you don’t just go ‘ah, I just want to be mates with him’.”
This seems to be the foundation of the issue. It’s okay for creators to pull from various ‘offline’ places because they aren’t personal. PJ Liguori isn’t the first person in the world to make up monsters out of inanimate objects or animals. But, because his inspirations are pulled from things and not people, it seems more acceptable. While his characters in Oscar’s Hotel are his own, it’s not as if the core story or way it was shot is revolutionary – it’s been tried, tested, and succeeded.
With YouTube, a specific and tangible person that viewers feel like they know is now attached to a style, shot, music, or topic and that’s why it seems like an invasion and a con. While there are absolutely examples of straight up copying, examples such as PJ show that ‘originality’, which Oxford simply defines as thinking independently and creatively, is achievable. It’s more that where we draw inspiration from has become more personal and closer to home and that’s what makes it feel like a cheat.
Everything is borrowed and inspired by something else, but carving out your own identity and style is what makes certain YouTubers original. It isn’t always as simple as ‘you copied my idea’, as sometimes it’s okay to do that, just as long as you make it your own.
Want more?
The debate over inspiration versus plagiarism isn’t the only way YouTube is changing. Learn more about how YouTube’s search algorithm is affecting animators, or the problem of haters and trolls.
For more updates follow @TenEightyUK on twitter and TenEighty on Facebook.
